Russian youth opposition protesters gather near the monument of Kazakh poet Abai Kunanbaev, top right, in the opposition camp at the Chistiye Prudy, or Clean Ponds, where they vowed to continue the roving protest in Moscow, Russia, Tuesday, May 15, 2012. There are no posters, no tents, no insistent drummers, and no looming police, but the small throng in one of Moscow's most sylvan parks is a remarkable protest gathering all the same.Since the middle of last week, opposition activists have tested authorities and themselves by maintaining an around-the-clock presence in a corner of the park that runs down the middle of Chistoprudny Boulevard, near the pond that gives the street its name.(AP Photo/Alexander Zemlianichenko)
Russian youth opposition protesters gather near the monument of Kazakh poet Abai Kunanbaev, top right, in the opposition camp at the Chistiye Prudy, or Clean Ponds, where they vowed to continue the roving protest in Moscow, Russia, Tuesday, May 15, 2012. There are no posters, no tents, no insistent drummers, and no looming police, but the small throng in one of Moscow's most sylvan parks is a remarkable protest gathering all the same.Since the middle of last week, opposition activists have tested authorities and themselves by maintaining an around-the-clock presence in a corner of the park that runs down the middle of Chistoprudny Boulevard, near the pond that gives the street its name.(AP Photo/Alexander Zemlianichenko)
Russian youth opposition protesters sing as they gather near the monument of Kazakh poet Abai Kunanbaev in the opposition camp at the Chistiye Prudy, or Clean Ponds, where they vowed to continue the roving protest in Moscow, Russia, Tuesday, May 15, 2012. There are no posters, no tents, no insistent drummers, and no looming police, but the small throng in one of Moscow's most sylvan parks is a remarkable protest gathering all the same.Since the middle of last week, opposition activists have tested authorities and themselves by maintaining an around-the-clock presence in a corner of the park that runs down the middle of Chistoprudny Boulevard, near the pond that gives the street its name.(AP Photo/Misha Japaridze)
Russian youth opposition protesters gather near the monument of Kazakh poet Abai Kunanbaev, top right, in the opposition camp at the Chistiye Prudy, or Clean Ponds, where they vowed to continue the roving protest in Moscow, Russia, Tuesday, May 15, 2012. There are no posters, no tents, no insistent drummers, and no looming police, but the small throng in one of Moscow's most sylvan parks is a remarkable protest gathering all the same.Since the middle of last week, opposition activists have tested authorities and themselves by maintaining an around-the-clock presence in a corner of the park that runs down the middle of Chistoprudny Boulevard, near the pond that gives the street its name.(AP Photo/Alexander Zemlianichenko)
Russian opposition protesters continue to occupy a plaza near the monument of Kazakh poet Abay Kunanbaev in the opposition camp at the Chistiye Prudy, or Clean Ponds, where they vowed to continue the roving protest in Moscow, Russia, Tuesday, May 15, 2012. Most camp residents do not have clear political demands, but they seem to agree that one thing: Russia badly needs a change. Many Russians felt slighted and cheated when President Dmitry Medvedev announced in September than he would step down to allow his mentor Vladimir Putin to seek a third term in the office.(AP Photo/Misha Japaridze)
Russian youth opposition protesters continue to occupy a plaza near the monument of Kazakh poet Abay Kunanbaev in the opposition camp at the Chistiye Prudy, or Clean Ponds, where they vowed to continue the roving protest in Moscow, Russia, Tuesday, May 15, 2012. (AP Photo/Misha Japaridze)
MOSCOW (AP) ? Russian police dispersed a protest camp in central Moscow that had become a rallying point for President Vladimir Putin's foes, briefly detaining about 20 activists in a show of force that comes as part of a broadening crackdown on the opposition.
Trying to intimidate opponents of Putin's 12-year rule, authorities have put leading protest organizers behind bars, threatened others with reprisals and proposed legislation introducing a 300-fold increase in the fine for taking part in unsanctioned rallies.
Some opposition leaders hope that the tough measures will foment anger and fuel bigger rallies. But others fear the repression will blunt the protest movement by scaring away many of the mostly middle-class protesters who turned out in the tens of thousands for peaceful demonstrations this winter.
A demonstration of at least 20,000 a day before Vladimir Putin's inauguration turned into a fierce battle with police as some of the protest participants attempted to march on the Kremlin. Scores were injured in clashes between stone- and bottle-throwing demonstrators and police who fought back with truncheons and tear gas. In the next few days, police chased the opposition around city, rounding up hundreds on the streets and in cafes.
Authorities eased the crackdown a bit after Putin was sworn in May 7, allowing the opposition to stage a camp on tree-lined Chistoprudny Boulevard, one of the most iconic and attractive places in central Moscow.
The organizers refrained from putting out political posters and chanting slogans so that the round-the-clock camp technically wouldn't count as an unsanctioned protest. The gathering daily attracted up to a few thousand during daytime, but attendance would drop to just a few dozen overnight.
The authorities let the camp go for a week, but lost patience after a court on Tuesday supported a lawsuit by local residents who claimed that the vigil was creating a mess.
Police dispersed the camp early Wednesday. Camp organizers called for a move to another location in central Moscow, and police didn't intervene when dozens of activists started gathering at a small square across town.
Authorities also let a group of popular writers lead several thousand on a march across downtown Moscow unimpeded over the weekend, and several top painters and other members of the capital's arts scene plan to stage a similar demonstration this week.
While authorities seem to show at least some tolerance to opposition action if the organizers fastidiously obey the law, they clearly aim to scare those in the opposition movement who appear eager to cross the barriers.
Popular blogger and anti-corruption lawyer Alexei Navalny and Left Front leader Sergei Udaltsov, the two leading organizers of the winter wave of protests, were sentenced to 15 days in jail for disobeying police following the May 6 rally that ended in clashes with police. Some Russian media reports speculated that they could face a longer prison term if accused of staging the violence.
The lawmakers who played a key role in protests, Ilya Ponomarev and Gennady and Dmitry Gudkov, all members of the socialist Just Russia faction, have faced increasing pressure from the Kremlin party dominating the parliament. On Tuesday, several members of the Kremlin party called for stripping the three of the immunity from prosecution they enjoyed as members of parliament.
"Go ahead, arrest deputies, put us behind bars, that will only speed up your demise," Gennady Gudkov, a KGB veteran turned fierce Putin critic, said during debates in the lower house. "Instead of political reforms, they want to only rely on force, but violence foments violence."
His son, Dmitry, tweeted Wednesday that the Kremlin party apparently is preparing to initiate a bill that would introduce a five-year prison term for organizers of the rallies that end in violence.
As part of the official pressure on the Gudkovs, a private security agency they own was targeted by authorities that found some violations and ordered it stripped it of its arms.
In another move to tame the opposition, Putin's loyalists are also working on legislation that would raise the level of fines from the current maximum 5,000 rubles ($166) to 1,500,000 rubles (about $50,000).
The rising official pressure comes as the opposition is desperately trying to maintain momentum amid the feeling of exasperation and gloom that followed Putin's inauguration. Some activists believe massive rallies are essential for shaking Putin's power, but others argue that the opposition must focus instead on grassroots activism and municipal elections, hoping they would help gradually make Russia a more open and pluralistic society.
Grigory Yavlinsky, the leader of the liberal Yabloko party, has warned the protest leaders against provoking police.
"If the organizers believe that the riot police cruelty will multiply the number of people eager to fight them, it's a wrong calculation," he wrote on his blog. "People will simply stop attending rallies and marches if blood is shed there, if they are beaten."
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